Hoewel we streven naar gelijkheid tussen mannen en vrouwen op de werkvloer, zijn er nog genoeg verschillen. Maar wat is nu wel en niet waar over de ongelijkheid tussen mannen en vrouwen op de werkvloer? We hebben de feiten en fabels voor je op een rijtje gezet.
1. “Vrouwen verdienen minder dan mannen”
True: In 2021 verdienen mannen gemiddeld 5 procent meer dan dat vrouwen doen, blijkt uit het Nationaal Salaris Onderzoek van Intermediair en Nyenrode Business Universiteit. In 2019 lag het verschil nog op 8 procent, vooruitgang dus. De oorzaak wordt vaak onterecht bij vrouwen zelf gelegd.
2. “Vrouwen werken vaker parttime dan fulltime”
True: Vrouwen werken inderdaad vaker parttime dan mannen. Uit het Nationaal Salaris Onderzoek blijkt dat vrouwen gemiddeld 32 uur per week werken en mannen 38 uur. De gedachte die daar vaak op volgt is dat vrouwen aan het eind van de maand dus minder salaris krijgen, wat niet klopt. De loonkloof van 5 procent wordt berekend op een gelijk aantal werkuren: als mannen en vrouwen allebei fulltime werken is er gemiddeld nog steeds een verschil in salaris.
3. “Vrouwen zijn minder geïnteresseerd in carrière maken”
False: Dit klopt niet. Omdat vrouwen vaker parttime werken wordt er geïmpliceerd dat ze minder geïnteresseerd zijn in het maken van een carrière. De reden dat veel vrouwen parttime werken is dat veel zorgtaken op hen schouders liggen. Veel mensen gaan er nog vanuit dat de vrouw voor de kinderen zorgt, zo werkt de samenleving en het is moeilijk voor vrouwen om zich hieraan te ontworstelen. Vrouwen zijn wel geïnteresseerd in het maken van een carrière, maar hun hoofd zit vaak op een andere plek.
4. “Moeders hebben meer moeite met promotie maken”
True: De loonkloof onder midden- en hoogopgeleiden na de leeftijd van 36 jaar wordt steeds groter. Werkgevers schatten de capaciteit van vrouwen met kinderen vaak verkeerd in. Er wordt gedacht dat vrouwen met kinderen minder drive hebben omdat ze hun gezin op de eerste plek zetten en hun aandacht moeten verdelen. Hierdoor krijgen vrouwen minder kansen aangeboden en kunnen ze minder groeien in salaris. Toch werken moeders vaak efficiënter, wat voor een baas aantrekkelijk zou moeten zijn. Ze zijn namelijk gewend om thuis veel ballen omhoog te houden.
5. “Vrouwen onderhandelen niet over hun salaris”
False: Vrouwen vragen in de praktijk regelmatig om loonsverhoging, maar krijgen vaak nee te horen. Dit komt omdat vrouwen vaker last hebben van vooroordelen. Als een man stevig onderhandelt, wordt hij gezien als een leider. Dat gedrag wordt niet verwacht van een vrouw, dit gedrag word anders geassocieerd. Als ze vaak nee horen wordt de drempel hoger om nog een keer risico te nemen.
6. “De lonen in vrouwensectoren zijn lager”
True: Vrouwen werken vaker in sectoren als de zorg of het onderwijs. Deze sectoren horen niet te streven naar winst, dus doet de vrouw dat ook niet. Hier werken vooral vrouwen boven 36 jaar. Naar verwachting zal het verschil tussen mannen- en vrouwenberoepen in de toekomst vervagen. Onder de 35 jaar is het aantal mannen en vrouwen in alle sectoren zo goed als gelijk.
7. “Vrouwen organiseren, mannen zijn innovatief”
True: De werkende vrouw vindt zichzelf vooral sterk in het nemen van verantwoordelijkheid, plannen, organiseren, nauwkeurigheid en klantgerichtheid. Ze kunnen veel dingen tegelijkertijd. Dit is de reden dat vrouwen vaak beroepen als secretaresse of verpleegster uitoefenen. Daarnaast zijn vrouwen gerichter op details.
Er is nog steeds ongelijkheid tussen mannen en vrouwen op de werkvloer. Met een positieve blik op de toekomst gaan we ervan uit dat de loonkloof steeds kleiner wordt en er meer gelijkheid komt. Maar laten we vooral niet vergeten dat verschillen niet erg zijn. Wij vrouwen hebben zo onze eigen kwaliteiten waar mannen nog wat van kunnen leren.
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